2N3904

The 2N3904 is a widely used general-purpose NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in a TO-92 package, designed for low-power, low-current (up to 200 mA), and medium-voltage (
–
) switching and amplification applications. It features fast switching speeds and a high current gain (hFE).
Key Specifications & Details:

Type: NPN Transistor
Package: TO-92 (through-hole)
Max Collector Current (
): 200 mA
Max Collector-Emitter Voltage (
): 40V - 60V
Max Power Dissipation (
): 625 mW
Complementary PNP: 2N3906
Function: General-purpose switching and amplification

Applications & Features:

Switching: Suitable for low-side switches, controlling small DC motors, and other moderate-speed switching tasks.
Amplification: Used as a signal amplifier, with operation up to 100 MHz.
Popularity: Designed in the 1960s, it remains a standard, low-cost component for educational and hobbyist electronics.
Substitutes: Common alternatives include PN2222, BC547, and 2N4401.

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